R courses

Vector Arithmetic and Logical Operations Vector Arithmetic Operations Vector arithmetic operations allow you to perform mathematical calculations element-wise between vectors or with scalar values. This is essential for data analysis and manipulation. Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division These operations are performed element-wise. Examples:  # Define two numeric vectors vec1 <- c(2, 4, 6, 8) vec2 […]

Common Vector Operations in R Vector operations are fundamental for data manipulation and analysis in R. These operations allow you to perform calculations and transformations on vectors efficiently. Here’s a comprehensive overview of common vector operations in R. Basic Arithmetic Operations You can perform basic arithmetic operations element-wise on vectors. Examples:  # Define two numeric

Recycling in R Overview Recycling in R is a mechanism that allows vectors of different lengths to be used together in operations. When performing element-wise operations on vectors, R will recycle the shorter vector to match the length of the longer vector, if possible. This can simplify code and improve efficiency but requires an understanding

Vector Declarations in R Vectors are fundamental data structures in R that store elements of the same type. Here’s an in-depth look at how to declare and create vectors in R. Creating Numeric Vectors Numeric vectors contain numbers. Example:  # Creating an integer numeric vector num_vec_int <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) # Creating a

Matrices and Arrays as Vectors In R, matrices and arrays are more complex data structures that can be thought of as multidimensional vectors. Understanding how matrices and arrays operate as vectors is key for advanced data manipulation and analysis. Matrices Matrices are two-dimensional structures that store data in rows and columns. They can be conceptualized

Obtaining the Length of a Vector Using the length() Function The primary function to determine the length of a vector in R is length(). This function returns the number of elements present in the vector. Basic Usage Find Length of a Vector  # Create a vector vec <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50) # Get

Adding and Removing Elements from a Vector Managing vectors often involves adding or removing elements. Here’s a detailed look at how to perform these operations in R. Adding Elements to a Vector You can add elements to a vector using several methods: Using the c() Function The c() function (for “concatenate”) combines vectors. You can

Scalars and Vectors in R Scalars and Vectors Scalars In R, a “scalar” is essentially a single value. Although R does not have a distinct scalar type (as in some other programming languages), a scalar in R is effectively a vector of length 1. Examples of Scalars: Numeric: 42, 3.14 Character: “Hello”, “R” Logical: TRUE,

Introduction to Vectors Vectors are one of the most fundamental data structures in R. They are used to store collections of elements of the same type, making them versatile and integral to data manipulation and analysis. Definition and Characteristics Definition: A vector is a one-dimensional array that can hold multiple values of the same type.